1141 Battle of Qatwan, near Samarkand: The traditionalist Kara-Khitans under Yelu Dashi defeat the Moslem Seljuqs

1276 Election of Pope John XXI (Sep 8, 1276-May 20, 1277)

1380 Battle of Kulikovo Pole: Dmitri Donskoi's Russians defeat the Tatars

1495 King Ferrantino II of Naples lays siege to French-held Gaeta (falls Nov 18)

1565 Italo-Spanish fleet begins landing troops on Malta to break the Turkish siege

1625 Treaty of Southhampton: England and the Netherlands ally against Spain

1628 Dutch sea dog Piet Heyn captures a Spanish treasure fleet, Matanzas, Cuba

1664 Peter Stuyvesant surrenders the Nieuw Netherlands to the English fleet, backed up by Royal troops and New England militiamen [Gregorian] [ see Births]

1755 Battle of Lake George: Sir William Johnson's 1,500 Colonials and 200 Mohawks defeat 1,500 French and Indians under the Baron de Dieskau

1760 French surrender Montreal to Lord Jeffrey Amherst

1796 Battle of Bassano del Grappa: Massena defeats the Austrians under Wurmser

1798 Battle of Ballinamuck, Ireland: the British defeat a French invasion

1848 Uprising at Bologna: The citizens oust the Austrians

1855 Siege of Sebastopol: the Allies storm the Malakoff Bastion

1863 Battle of Telford's Depot, TN

1863 Texans repel Union invasion force at Sabine Pass, TX

1900 Galveston is devastated by a hurricane: Perhaps 6,000 die

1919 Ticker tape parade on Broadway for General of the Armies John J. Pershing & 25,000 Doughboys

1923 Seven USN destroyers ground at Point Honda, Ca., by a navigational error, 23 die

1939 FDR declares a "limited national emergency" due to war in Europe

1939 German panzers reach the outskirts of Warsaw

1941 Nazis massacre the Jews of Meretsch, Lithuania

1942 700 Marine Raiders hit Tasimboko, Guadalcanal, in the Japanese rear

1942 Japanese destroyer squadron shells Tulagi

1942 Japanese open 5 battalion attack on Aussies at Egofi, the Kokoda Trail

1943 Italy secretly concludes an armistice with the Allies

1943 U.S DD bombard Lae to support the Australian 9th Div

1943 US aircraft bomb targets near Rome, escorted by Italian fighters

1943 Operation Zitronella/Sizilien: A German naval squadron raids Allied installations in Spitzbergen

1944 First V-2 attacks on London; 3 die in Cheswick

1944 Russian troops enter Bulgaria, which promptly declares war on Germany

1945 US troops land in Korea to assume occupation duties

1948 British De Havilland 08 fighter flies faster than sound

1951 Japan signs a peace treaty with 48 countries at San Francisco

1954 Manila: Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) formed

1962 Chinese troops invade India

1966 "Star Trek" debuts on NBC

1991 Macedonia declares independence from Yugoslavia